The Senate has 200 elected members, and an additional number of appointed life senators and ex officio life senators. Life senators appointed by the President of the Republic "for outstanding merits in social, scientific, artistic and literary fields" have included such names as the orchestral conductor Arturo Toscanini [who rejected his appointment], the poet Eugenio Montale, and the playwright Eduardo De Filippo, to mention but a few. Former Presidents of the Republic are ex officio life senators. The presently serving life senators appointed by the President of the Republic are: Mario Monti, Elena Cattaneo, Renzo Piano, Carlo Rubbia and Liliana Segre. The former President of the Republic currently sitting in the Senate is Giorgio Napolitano. The 200 elective seats of the Senate are distributed among the twenty Italian regions in proportion to their population, save for the seats assigned to the Overseas constituency. One seat is assigned to Valle d'Aosta, two to Molise and at least three seats to each of the other regions. Under Article 58 of the Italian Constitution, any voter of 40 years of age or over may be elected.