In the 1st legislature of the Republic, 4 women entered the Senate and 45 the House: 5%. It took almost 30 years (and another seven legislatures) for the threshold of 50 women to pass in 1976, and another 30 years to reach 150. In 2022, in the face of a reduction in the number of parliamentarians, the ballot box substantially confirmed the trend, bringing 198 women into Parliament. Today, the female presence, between the Chamber and the Senate, is 33.6% of those elected, a percentage higher than the average of the EU27 parliaments.

In 2022, the glass ceiling was broken: after 64 governments led by 30 different Prime Ministers, all men, Giorgia Meloni, leader of the relative majority party, became the first woman to lead the executive. In 2023 another woman, Elly Schlein, was elected secretary of the main opposition party. But the road to equality is still a long one. And it also passes through the renewal of the European Parliament in 2024.